Trifluoroacetic Acid
Trifluoroacetic acid is a corrosive organofluorine compound that is structurally analogous to, but stronger than, acetic acid. Available in various quantities and reagent grades, it is used in NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, organic synthesis, etc.
Almost 100,000-fold more acidic than acetic acid, TFA is widely used in organic chemistry. TFA is used as a reagent in organic synthesis because of its properties: volatility, organic solvent solubility, and acidic strength. It is less oxidizing than sulfuric acid and is more readily available in its anhydrous form than some other acids . Other features include:
- Used in acid-catalyzed reactions, especially peptide synthesis (to cleave esters)
- Dissolves protein when mixed with liquid SO2
- Removes t-butyl derived side-chain protecting groups in Fmoc peptide synthesis
- Can remove the t-butoxycarbonyl protecting group in organic synthesis
- At low concentrations, acts as an ion-pairing agent for peptides and small proteins in organic compound liquid chromatography
- For acid-stable materials, can be a solvent for NMR spectroscopy
- Acts as a calibrant in mass spectrometry
- Used to produce trifluoroacetate salts
- An ingredient in adhesives, sealants, paints, and coatings
When TFA combines with bases and metals, especially light metals, a strong exothermic reaction occurs. When mixed with lithium aluminum hydride (LAH), the reaction is explosive.
Although nonflammable, TFA is corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes and requires careful use and handling. It is harmful when inhaled, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, and is toxic to aquatic organisms at even low concentrations.
TFA is also a product of the metabolic breakdown of the anesthetic agent halothane. It is the suspected cause of halothane-induced hepatitis.
Medchemexpress LLC Pardaxin P5 TFA | ≥96% | 3381.87 (free base) | 5 MG
Pardaxin P5 TFA is the TFA salt form of Pardaxin P5, an antimicrobial peptide that inhibits Escherichia coli with a MIC value of 13 μM. This peptide is for research use only.
- Inhibits Escherichia coli
- Antimicrobial peptide
- Available in solid form
- Molecular weight of 3381.87 (free base)
- Store at -80°C for 2 years (powder) or 6 months (in solvent)
Medchemexpress LLC DLPLTFGGGTK TFA | MFCD34187350 | 98.1% | 1219.26 | 1 MG
DLPLTFGGGTK TFA is a synthetic peptide, presented as a white to off-white solid. It is a surrogate peptide for pembrolizumab identification and has been tested to comply with given specifications. This high-purity product (98.11%) is intended for research use only.
- White to off-white solid
- Surrogate peptide for pembrolizumab identification
- High purity of 98.11%
- Molecular weight of 1219.26
- Intended for research use
Medchemexpress LLC Alvespimycin trifluoroacetate | 00-00-0 | MFCD08457919 | 99.0% | 730.77 g·mol⁻¹ | C34H49F3N4O10 | 25 MG
Alvespimycin trifluoroacetate (17-DMAG TFA) is the trifluoroacetic acid salt of a semisynthetic geldanamycin derivative that potently inhibits Hsp90. It binds Hsp90 in the low-nanomolar range and is used in cellular and biochemical studies to induce heat-shock response and promote degradation of Hsp90 client proteins, supporting research into proteostasis and targeted oncology pathways.
- Potent Hsp90 inhibition with reported EC50 ≈ 62 nM.
- Promotes Her2 degradation in cancer cell lines (EC50 8 nM in SKBR3, 46 nM in SKOV3).
- Induces Hsp70 expression in cell assays (EC50 4 nM in SKBR3, 14 nM in SKOV3).
- High purity (>98.9%) suitable for in vitro studies.
- Available in small research pack sizes, including 25 MG.
Medchemexpress LLC Vm24-toxin (Vaejovis mexicanus peptide 24) | 1373890-79-9 | 3863.59 | 1 MG
Vm24-toxin (Vaejovis mexicanus peptide 24) is a 36-residue peptide that acts as a potent and selective Kv1.3 blocker with a Kd of approximately 3 pM in lymphocytes. It exhibits over 1500-fold higher affinity for Kv1.3 compared to other assayed potassium channels. Vm24-toxin possesses a distorted cystine-stabilized α/β motif, comprising a single-turn α-helix and a three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet, stabilized by four disulfide bridges. This peptide can attenuate the CD4+ effector memory T cell response to T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation.
- Potent and selective Kv1.3 blocker
- High affinity for Kv1.3 over other potassium channels (>1500-fold)
- Attenuates CD4+ effector memory T cell response to T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation
Medchemexpress LLC Dendrotoxin-I TFA | 99.9% | 7149.24 | 1 MG
Dendrotoxin-I TFA (DTX-I TFA) is a potent K+ channel blocker with IC50s of 0.13-50 nM for voltage-gated potassium channel subunits Kv1.1, Kv1.2, and Kv1.6. This neurotoxin shows potential for cancer research.
- Potent K+ channel blocker
- Targets voltage-gated potassium channel subunits Kv1.1, Kv1.2, and Kv1.6
- Displays tumor growth inhibition effect with hyperthermia in vivo studies
- White to off-white solid appearance
Medchemexpress LLC Maurocalcine TFA | 269745-22-4 | 95.09% | 3858.55 (free base) | 1 MG
Maurocalcine TFA is an agonist of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel types 1, 2, and 3 with cellular permeability. It induces [3H]ryanodine binding on RyR1 with an EC50 value of 2558 nM and exhibits an apparent affinity of 14 nM for RyR2. This compound can be applied to in vivo cell tracking or other cell imaging techniques. Maurocalcine (100 nM, 24 h) increases the sensitivity of RyR2 to activating [Ca2+]i and decreases its sensitivity to inhibiting [Ca2+]i. Maurocalcine (5 μM, 4 h/24 h) shows no significant cell toxicity for HEK293.
- Agonist of ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel types 1, 2 and 3.
- Possesses cellular permeability.
- Induces [3H]ryanodine binding on RyR1.
- Exhibits affinity for RyR2.
- Can be used for in vivo cell tracking or cell imaging techniques.
Medchemexpress LLC Imperatoxin A TFA | 98.7% | 3758.35 (free base) | 1 MG
Imperatoxin A TFA is a peptide toxin derived from the venom of the African scorpion Pandinus imperator. It acts as a Ca2+-release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs) activator, enhancing the influx of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cell.
- Purity of 98.65%
- Molecular weight of 3758.35 (free base)
- Appearance as a white to off-white solid
- Soluble in H2O at ≥ 100 mg/mL
Medchemexpress LLC M65 TFA | 99.98% | 4823.53 (free base) | 5 MG
M65 TFA is a deleted peptide of maxadilan (61 a.a.), specifically missing residues between positions 24 and 42. It functions as a specific antagonist of the PACAP type 1 receptor, inhibiting ANP secretion, and is utilized in relevant research.
- Deleted peptide of maxadilan (61 a.a.) with a deletion of residues between positions 24 and 42.
- Acts as a specific antagonist of the PACAP type 1 receptor.
- Inhibits ANP secretion.
- Completely blocks cAMP accumulation stimulated by 100 nM of VIP in rat cortical neurons at 1 μM concentration.
- Partially inhibits cAMP accumulation stimulated by 1 nM of maxadilan in rat cortical neurons at 1 μM concentration.